La propiedad overflow de CSS – Register – Seguro – Platform

La propiedadoverflow de CSS sirve para indicar cómo se debe comportar el navegador, cuando se encuentre con una caja cuyo contenido desborda su contenedor. Es decir, cómo se vera algo que por tener una mayor medida, no cabe dentro del espacio reservado para ello.

Las capas (div) normalmente se van redimensionando para ajustar su tamaño a lo que pongamos en su interior.

Ocupan todo el ancho disponible y van creciendo en altura según haga falta. Si limitamos el ancho con unwidth, este se ajustará a nuestra exigencia pero la altura seguirá ajustándose automáticamente. Es el caso de esta caja de 300px de ancho y el de la de la izquierda, que tiene asignados sólo 200px.

width: 200px;

width: 300px;

Pero veamos que ocurre cuando fijamos un ancho y un alto y el contenido no cabe dentro de la caja:

width: 400px; height:100px;

Now at the time we could not understand these things, but later I was to learn the meaning of these ominous kopjes that gathered in the twilight. Each of the Martians, standing in the great crescent I have described, had discharged, by means of the gunlike tube he carried, a huge canister over whatever hill, copse, cluster of houses, or other possible cover for guns, chanced to be in front of him.

Lo que podemos comprobar es que la capa mantiene la posición y medidas que le hemos asignado, pero el texto desborda la caja. Nótese que si no hubiéramos dejado intencionadamente un espacio lo suficientemente grande tras esediv, estas líneas estarían solapadas con las que rebosan de la caja:

width: 400px; height:100px;

Now at the time we could not understand these things, but later I was to learn the meaning of these ominous kopjes that gathered in the twilight. Each of the Martians, standing in the great crescent I have described, had discharged, by means of the gunlike tube he carried, a huge canister over whatever hill, copse, cluster of houses, or other possible cover for guns, chanced to be in front of him.

Lo que podemos comprobar es que la capa mantiene la posición y medidas que le hemos asignado, pero el texto desborda la caja...

Este es el comportamiento por defecto y que sería el equivalente a asignarle a esa capa, una propiedadoverflow con el valorvisible. Por tanto, los valores más interesantes, son los que todavía nos quedan por ver y estos son:hidden,scroll yauto.


El primero se entiende bastante bien si sabemos inglés: escondido, oculto. Lo que hace el valorhidden esrecortar el contenido allí dónde le marcan los límites de las dimensiones de la capa. Es como si la caja fuera una ventana y pusiéramos algo por detrás; sólo veríamos lo que la transparencia de los cristales nos dejara ver y el resto quedaría tapado por la pared que la circunda. En el caso de una página web, el texto se va escribiendo con normalidad, pero cuando llegamos al límite inferior, este desaparece:

width: 280px; height:100px; overflow: hidden;

Now at the time we could not understand these things, but later I was to learn the meaning of these ominous kopjes that gathered in the twilight. Each of the Martians, standing in the great crescent I have described, had discharged, by means of the gunlike tube he carried, a huge canister over whatever hill, copse, cluster of houses, or other possible cover for guns, chanced to be in front of him.

Un pequeño alto para comentar que el texto siempre se imprimirá según el ancho disponible, pero con una imagen la cosa cambia un poco, ya que estas son elementos de bloque y no pueden ser automáticamente adaptadas. Por tanto, se desbordan tanto por abajo, como por la derecha:

width: 200px; height:100px;

Precisamente por este comportamiento de la imágenes, la mayoría de plantillas incluyen unoverflow: hidden; en la capa correspondiente a las entradas. Así evitamos desbordamientos accidentales que se solaparían con el contenido adyacente, como por ejemplo, la sidebar. Si alguien tiene algún problema de este tipo, ya sabe la solución:

width: 200px; height:100px; overflow: hidden;

El valorscroll también nos sirve para que se oculte el contenido desbordado, pero a diferencia del anterior,siempre se generarán automáticamente unas barras de desplazamiento. Si el desplazamiento horizontal no es necesario, como ocurre en el caso del texto, la correspondiente barra aparecerá desactivada.

width: 400px; height:100px; overflow: scroll;

Now at the time we could not understand these things, but later I was to learn the meaning of these ominous kopjes that gathered in the twilight. Each of the Martians, standing in the great crescent I have described, had discharged, by means of the gunlike tube he carried, a huge canister over whatever hill, copse, cluster of houses, or other possible cover for guns, chanced to be in front of him.

En el caso de imágenes, se activarán la vertical, la horizontal o ambas, según sea necesario. Hay que tener en cuenta que la barra vertical ocupa también espacio en la capa. Esto último quiere decir que si por ejemplo una imagen es de 300px y el div es de 300px, al ocupar la barra vertical algunos pixels, la imagen no cabrá en el ancho disponible, activándose también la barra horizontal aunque a priori pareciera que no era necesario:

width: 300px; height:100px; overflow: scroll;

width: 350px; height:100px; overflow: scroll;

Por último, nos queda el valorauto, pero este es el más fácil de imaginar. Siempre oculta el contenido que pueda desbordar, perosólo muestra las barras de desplazamiento si es necesario. Además, no muestra siempre ambas, sino sólo aquella que se necesita:

width: 200px; height:100px; overflow: auto;

width: 400px; height:100px; overflow: auto;

Now at the time we could not understand these things, but later I was to learn the meaning of these ominous kopjes that gathered in the twilight. Each of the Martians, standing in the great crescent I have described, had discharged, by means of the gunlike tube he carried, a huge canister over whatever hill, copse, cluster of houses, or other possible cover for guns, chanced to be in front of him.

width: 400px; height:150px; overflow: auto;

Now at the time we could not understand these things, but later I was to learn the meaning of these ominous kopjes that gathered in the twilight. Each of the Martians, standing in the great crescent I have described, had discharged, by means of the gunlike tube he carried, a huge canister over whatever hill, copse, cluster of houses, or other possible cover for guns, chanced to be in front of him.

Como podéis imaginar, el valorauto soluciona también diversos problemas de una tacada.


Un valor adicional que podéis ver en unoverflow, es el valorinherit. Este es una especie de valor comodín que hará que la capa que lo lleve, herede el valor que tenga la capa padre. Supongo que tendrá su interés, pero hasta la fecha yo no lo he necesitado nunca.

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